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3D Holographic Photonic Crystals Containing Embedded Functional Features
Author(s) -
Zhang Runyu,
Ning Hailong,
Krueger Neil A.,
BaconBrown Daniel,
Braun Paul V.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced optical materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 91
ISSN - 2195-1071
DOI - 10.1002/adom.201600158
Subject(s) - materials science , photonic crystal , optoelectronics , refractive index contrast , refractive index , photonics , high refractive index polymer , spontaneous emission , holography , colloidal crystal , optics , laser , colloid , fabrication , medicine , chemistry , alternative medicine , physics , pathology
Lack of good ways to incorporate functional features and materials into 3D architectures has impeded progress in 3D photonic crystals (PhCs). Utilizing a modified transfer printing strategy, this study demonstrates the introduction of functional external materials of a diversity of form‐factors into the interior of holographically defined 3D PhCs. PhCs containing solid SU‐8 features, layers of porous silicon (PSi) or emissive LaF 3 :Nd 3+ nanocrystals, and silica colloids are formed. For the LaF 3 :Nd 3+ layer, both enhancement (≈50%) and suppression (≈25%) of the spontaneous emission ( λ ≈ 1.32 μm) could be realized by modifying the position of the photonic crystal stop band relative to the rare earth emission. Finite‐difference time‐domain simulations suggest the observed spontaneous emission modification is a result of Bragg mirror‐like reflection, while the measured enhancement is likely caused by the spontaneous emission coupling to a defect mode. Via electrodeposition, this study demonstrates structural inversion of a low refractive index photonic crystal (photoresist‐based) to a high (Cu 2 O) refractive index contrast photonic crystal in the presence of an embedded defect, providing an opportunity to enhance the light‐matter interactions using a materials system with transparency in the visible.