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Surface‐Energy‐Driven Growth of ZnO Hexagonal Microtube Optical Resonators
Author(s) -
Zhan Jinxin,
Dong Hongxing,
Sun Shulin,
Ren Xiaodong,
Liu Jianjun,
Chen Zhanghai,
Lienau Christoph,
Zhang Long
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced optical materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 91
ISSN - 2195-1071
DOI - 10.1002/adom.201500442
Subject(s) - materials science , photoluminescence , nanostructure , whispering gallery wave , excitation , crystal (programming language) , resonator , surface energy , spectroscopy , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , optics , composite material , physics , engineering , quantum mechanics , computer science , electrical engineering , programming language
A distinct “split and recoalescence” growth mechanism of tubular ZnO micro/nanostructures is observed for the first time. On the basis of experimental growth studies and first‐principles calculations, it is proposed that H 2 /H 2 O vapor, added to the traditional carbothermal reduction process, changes the intrinsic surface energy of ZnO crystal, which affects the ZnO crystal growth mode and subsequently controls the geometry of ZnO micro/nanotubes. It is shown that these tubular ZnO micro/nanostructures exhibit regular hexagonal cross sections and smooth outer and inner surfaces. Optical studies of ZnO micro/nanotubes reveal characteristic coherent intensity modulations of their emission spectra which reflect the excitation of either whispering gallery modes or wave‐guided modes. The specific type of mode can be selected by controlling the microtube geometry, specifically by its wall thickness to diameter ratio, as demonstrated both experimentally by photoluminescence spectroscopy, and theoretically by finite‐element‐method simulations.