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On the Li Intercalation Kinetics in Tree‐like WO 3 Electrodes and Their Implementation in Fast Switchable Electrochromic Devices
Author(s) -
Giannuzzi Roberto,
Balandeh Mehrdad,
Mezzetti Alessandro,
Meda Laura,
Pattathil Praveen,
Gigli Giuseppe,
Di Fonzo Fabio,
Manca Michele
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
advanced optical materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 91
ISSN - 2195-1071
DOI - 10.1002/adom.201500152
Subject(s) - electrochromism , materials science , electrode , nanostructure , amorphous solid , mesoporous material , intercalation (chemistry) , electrochromic devices , nanotechnology , electrochemistry , dielectric spectroscopy , kinetics , optoelectronics , chemical engineering , inorganic chemistry , crystallography , chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering , catalysis
Fast switchable electrochromic devices can be realized through the implementation of engineered quasi‐1D WO 3 nanostructures. Three different batches of WO 3 working electrodes have been fabricated by controlling the self‐assembly process of the evaporating WO 3 clusters to build up a forest of high aspect‐ratio tree‐like nanostructures that conjugate the peculiar features of 1D nanoarchitectures (which are characterized by relatively fast electron transport) and those ones of isotropic mesoporous films (which are characterized by relatively high surface area). Their unique morphological prerogatives have been favorably exploited to achieve good coloration efficiency (65 cm 2 C −1 at 660 nm) and exceptionally short coloration time (<1 s at an applied voltage of 1.3 V). Both electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic intermittent titration analyses have been carried out to elucidate the impact of their nanoscale architecture on the Li insertion kinetics. Crystalline and amorphous building blocks have been tested while keeping the same nanoarchitecture, which exhibited two different electrochromic behaviors.