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Customizable Nonplanar Printing of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Yu Xiaowei,
Liu Yangtao,
Pham Hiep,
Sarkar Susmita,
Ludwig Brandon,
Chen IMeng,
Everhart Wesley,
Park Jonghyun,
Wang Yan,
Pan Heng
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials technologies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.184
H-Index - 42
ISSN - 2365-709X
DOI - 10.1002/admt.201900645
Subject(s) - materials science , electrode , anode , electronics , lithium (medication) , deposition (geology) , lithium fluoride , optoelectronics , cathode , 3d printing , polyvinylidene fluoride , flexible electronics , nanotechnology , composite material , electrical engineering , chemistry , polymer , biology , endocrinology , medicine , paleontology , sediment , engineering , inorganic chemistry
Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in consumer electronics due to their rechargeability and high energy density. Commercial LIBs are fabricated in fixed geometries such as cylinder, coin, and pouch. However, for specialized applications such as wearable electronics and on‐device power systems, customizable LIBs with arbitrary geometry on three‐dimensional (3D) structures need to be developed. For this purpose, aerosol printing is uniquely suitable due to its flexible working distance, allowing deposition on nonplanar substrates with multiscale surface topologies. Aerosol printing of LiFePO 4 cathodes and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anodes for LIBs is presented. Electrodes with an arbitrary geometry, tailorable thickness and on nonplanar substrates can be realized. The highest areal capacity achieved is ≈7.1 mAh cm −2 , which is at least twice that of conventional electrodes. Furthermore, to package the printed electrodes, 3D enclosures are fabricated via fused deposition modeling of polyvinylidene fluoride. The printed electrodes packaged in 3D enclosures exhibit 78.4% capacity retention after 30 cycles. With the two additive manufacturing processes, customizable LIBs on targeted objects can be realized. A nonplanar LIB conformably covering the edge of a block with specific capacity of 135 mAh g −1 is demonstrated.