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Real‐Time Monitoring of Glucose Export from Isolated Chloroplasts Using an Organic Electrochemical Transistor
Author(s) -
Diacci Chiara,
Lee Jee Woong,
Janson Per,
Dufil Gwennaël,
Méhes Gábor,
Berggren Magnus,
Simon Daniel T.,
Stavrinidou Eleni
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials technologies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.184
H-Index - 42
ISSN - 2365-709X
DOI - 10.1002/admt.201900262
Subject(s) - biomolecule , biosensor , interfacing , transistor , nanotechnology , bioelectronics , chloroplast , organelle , chemistry , materials science , computer science , biochemistry , electrical engineering , computer hardware , voltage , gene , engineering
Biosensors based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECT) are attractive devices for real‐time monitoring of biological processes. The direct coupling between the channel of the OECT and the electrolyte enables intimate interfacing with biological environments at the same time bringing signal amplification and fast sensor response times. So far, these devices are mainly applied to mammalian systems; cells or body fluids for the development of diagnostics and various health status monitoring technology. Yet, no direct detection of biomolecules from cells or organelles is reported. Here, an OECT glucose sensor applied to chloroplasts, which are the plant organelles responsible for the light‐to‐chemical energy conversion of the photosynthesis, is reported. Real‐time monitoring of glucose export from chloroplasts in two distinct metabolic phases is demonstrated and the transfer dynamics with a time resolution of 1 min is quantified, thus reaching monitoring dynamics being an order of magnitude better than conventional methods.