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Niobium Alloying of Self‐Organized TiO 2 Nanotubes as an Anode for Lithium‐Ion Microbatteries
Author(s) -
Salian Girish D.,
Koo Bon Min,
Lefevre Christophe,
Cottineau Thomas,
Lebouin Chrystelle,
Tesfaye Alexander T.,
Knauth Philippe,
Keller Valerie,
Djenizian Thierry
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced materials technologies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.184
H-Index - 42
ISSN - 2365-709X
DOI - 10.1002/admt.201700274
Subject(s) - materials science , dielectric spectroscopy , faraday efficiency , cyclic voltammetry , anode , lithium (medication) , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , chemical engineering , scanning electron microscope , titanium dioxide , nanotube , electrolyte , electrochemistry , titanium , nanotechnology , electrode , carbon nanotube , composite material , metallurgy , chemistry , medicine , engineering , endocrinology
Self‐supported titanium dioxide nanotube is explored as a potential negative electrode for 3D Li‐ion (micro) batteries. Apart from the direct contact of the nanotubes with the substrate, the 1D porous structure effectively facilitates the flow of electrolyte into the bulk, alleviates any volume expansion during cycling, and provides a short lithium‐ion diffusion length. The fabrication of self‐supported Nb rich titanium dioxide nanotubes by electrochemical anodization of Ti–Nb alloys is reported. The structure, morphology, and the composition of the Nb alloyed TiO 2 nanotubes are studied using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical behavior of the alloyed and the pristine TiO 2 nanotubes is investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of the pristine and the alloyed titania nanotubes reveals that as the niobium concentration increases the capacity increases. The titania nanotubes containing 10 wt% of Nb deliver a higher capacity, with good capacity retention and coulombic efficiency. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis shows that Nb alloying can decrease the overall cell impedance by reducing the charge transfer resistance.