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Rapid Osseointegration Bestowed by Carbonate Apatite Coating of Rough Titanium
Author(s) -
Shi Rui,
Hayashi Koichiro,
Ishikawa Kunio
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials interfaces
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.671
H-Index - 65
ISSN - 2196-7350
DOI - 10.1002/admi.202000636
Subject(s) - osseointegration , calcite , apatite , materials science , titanium , coating , chemical engineering , composite material , implant , mineralogy , metallurgy , chemistry , medicine , surgery , engineering
Titanium (Ti) implants that realize rapid osseointegration are required for favorable outcomes. Rough implant surfaces favor osseointegration, hence, coating implants with natural bone mineral, i.e., carbonate apatite (CO 3 Ap), may be effective for osseointegration. To achieve rapid osseointegration, rough‐Ti substrates are coated with CO 3 Ap (CO 3 Ap‐Ti) and the effects are evaluated in vitro and in vivo. For comparison, rough‐Ti without coating (rough‐Ti) and calcite‐coated rough‐Ti (calcite‐Ti) substrates are fabricated. The adhesive strengths of calcite and CO 3 Ap to the substrates are ≈56.6 and ≈76.8 MPa, respectively, being significantly higher than the strength defined in ISO13779‐2 (15 MPa). Calcite and CO 3 Ap coatings significantly promote preosteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cell proliferation. Additionally, the CO 3 Ap coating promotes higher osteogenic differentiation activity than the calcite coating. Implantation of CO 3 Ap‐Ti into rabbit tibia defects prompts bone maturation, compared to calcite‐Ti or rough‐Ti implantation. The bone‐implant contact percentage with CO 3 Ap‐Ti and calcite‐Ti is higher than that with rough‐Ti. Consequently, CO 3 Ap‐Ti acquires a robust bond with the host bone at an early stage (4 weeks postimplantation), compared to calcite‐Ti or rough‐Ti: the CO 3 Ap‐Ti–bone bonding strength is ≈1.9‐ and ≈5.5‐fold higher than that of calcite‐Ti and rough‐Ti, respectively. Thus, CO 3 Ap coating of Ti implants effectively achieve rapid osseointegration.