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Self‐Stratifying Porous Silicones with Enhanced Liquid Infusion and Protective Skin Layer for Biofouling Prevention
Author(s) -
Vena Alex,
Kolle Stefan,
Stafslien Shane,
Aizenberg Joanna,
Kim Philseok
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced materials interfaces
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.671
H-Index - 65
ISSN - 2196-7350
DOI - 10.1002/admi.202000359
Subject(s) - materials science , porosity , biofouling , silicone , emulsion , fouling , silicone oil , chemical engineering , composite material , pulmonary surfactant , polymer , coating , layer (electronics) , membrane , chemistry , biochemistry , engineering
Liquid‐infused silicones are a promising solution for common surface adhesion problems, such as ice accumulation and biofilm formation, yet they generally lack the tunability, mechanical durability and/or longevity essential for industrial applications. Self‐stratifying porous silicones (SPS) infused with compatible silicone oil are developed as a passive strategy to address these shortcomings. Through emulsion templating, porosity is formed in the bulk polymer, providing increased free volume for oil infusion, while a non‐porous skin layer is formed at the surface. The bulk porosity and pore size distribution of SPS are independently controlled by varying water and surfactant concentration respectively, leading to a higher volume of oil infusion and improved oil retention relative to an unmodified silicone. Despite a higher oil loading and bulk porosity, the skin layer provides liquid‐infused SPS with a comparable surface elasticity to liquid‐infused silicones. The potential of liquid‐infused SPS as a nontoxic fouling release coating for marine applications is demonstrated using laboratory assays against a variety of soft and hard fouling organisms.