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Multiscale and Multimodal Characterization of 2D Titanium Carbonitride MXene
Author(s) -
Sun Weiwei,
Wang HsiuWen,
Vlcek Lukas,
Peng Jing,
Brady Alexander B.,
Osti Naresh C.,
Mamontov Eugene,
Tyagi Madhusudan,
Nanda Jagjit,
Greenbaum Steven G.,
Kent Paul R. C.,
Naguib Michael
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials interfaces
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.671
H-Index - 65
ISSN - 2196-7350
DOI - 10.1002/admi.201902207
Subject(s) - materials science , density functional theory , nitride , ion , electronic structure , titanium carbide , neutron scattering , carbide , scattering , chemical physics , nanotechnology , computational chemistry , composite material , chemistry , physics , layer (electronics) , quantum mechanics , optics
A comprehensive study on the prototype solid solution phase carbonitride MXene Ti 3 CN is conducted using nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, total and quasi‐elastic neutron scattering, combined with density functional theory‐based electronic structure and molecular dynamic calculations. The combination of experiment and theory lead toward rational atomic structural models of Ti 3 CN. The remnant Al ions from the etching process significantly tune the interlayer spacing, distinct from the more typical MXene, Ti 3 C 2 , prepared similarly. Neutron scattering indicates the surface terminations of Ti 3 CN display high oxygen and fluorine concentrations and rather low hydroxyl and hydrogen concentrations. Calculations show that the structure including both the residual Al ions and mixed surface terminations give the best agreement with the measurements. The water molecules in Ti 3 CN are highly immobile, in strong contrast to those in Ti 3 C 2 . The analysis of the electronic structure suggests that the nitride MXene displays higher conductivity than the carbides. The absence of hydroxyl groups in terminations, the solid‐solution in the anion sites, the remnants within layers, and immobile water altogether make the carbonitrides a unique series in the MXene family, implying a further exploration of their exotic properties and applications in energy storage.