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Using a Vapor‐Phase Surfactant to Control Gold Metal Plate Growth
Author(s) -
Zhang Weipeng,
Dey Gangotri,
Mandia David J.,
Barry Seán T.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials interfaces
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.671
H-Index - 65
ISSN - 2196-7350
DOI - 10.1002/admi.201600864
Subject(s) - nucleation , pulmonary surfactant , tetrahydrothiophene , materials science , butyraldehyde , steric effects , ligand (biochemistry) , phase (matter) , metal , chemical engineering , colloidal gold , alkyl , drop (telecommunication) , vapor phase , chemical vapor deposition , carbene , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , chemistry , organic chemistry , metallurgy , catalysis , thermodynamics , telecommunications , biochemistry , receptor , physics , computer science , engineering
Hexamethyldisilazide‐1,3‐diisopropylimidazolidine‐2‐ylidenegold(I) ( 1 ) is used to deposit gold microplates with (111) faces. In the absence of any secondary vapor‐phase surfactant, these plates show secondary nucleation and growth of gold metal nanoparticles on the (111) faces. When tetrahydrothiophene (THT) is used as a secondary, vapor‐phase surfactant, plate size increases, and secondary nucleation is controllable by temperature. Deposition of gold microplates at 370 °C using a 45 mTorr overpressure of THT shows the best experimental results, growing 20 µm 2 plateaus with no apparent secondary nucleation. Computational modelling demonstrates that THT is a stronger surfactant than the carbene ligand (from the gold precursor) due to steric hindrance from the alkyl groups present in the carbene ligand.