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Fast Supercapacitors Based on Graphene‐Bridged V 2 O 3 /VO x Core–Shell Nanostructure Electrodes with a Power Density of 1 MW kg −1
Author(s) -
Pan Xuan,
Ren Guofeng,
Hoque Md Nadim Ferdous,
Bayne Stephen,
Zhu Kai,
Fan Zhaoyang
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
advanced materials interfaces
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.671
H-Index - 65
ISSN - 2196-7350
DOI - 10.1002/admi.201400398
Subject(s) - materials science , graphene , supercapacitor , pseudocapacitance , electrode , nanostructure , electrochemistry , power density , amorphous solid , nanotechnology , electrical resistivity and conductivity , chemical engineering , crystallography , chemistry , electrical engineering , power (physics) , physics , engineering , quantum mechanics
Transition metal oxides (TMOs), with their very large pseudocapacitance effect, hold promise for next generation high‐energy‐density electrochemical supercapacitors (ECs). However, the typical high resistivity of TMOs restricts the reported ECs to work at a low charge–discharge (C–D) rate of 0.1–1 V s −1 . Here, a novel vanadium oxides core/shell nanostructure‐based electrode to overcome the resistivity challenge of TMOs for rapid pseudocapacitive EC design is reported. Quasi‐metallic V 2 O 3 nanocores are dispersed on graphene sheets for electrical connection of the whole structure, while a naturally formed amorphous VO 2 and V 2 O 5 (called as VO x here) thin shell around V 2 O 3 nanocore acts as the active pseudocapacitive material. With such a graphene‐bridged V 2 O 3 /VO x core–shell composite as electrode material, ECs with a C–D rate as high as 50 V s −1 is demonstrated. This high rate was attributed to the largely enhanced conductivity of this unique structure and a possibly facile redox mechanism. Such an EC can provide 1000 kW kg −1 power density at an energy density of 10 Wh kg −1 . At the critical 45° phase angle, these ECs have a measured frequency of 114 Hz. All these indicate the graphene‐bridged V 2 O 3 /VO x core–shell structure is promising for fast EC development.