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Hybrid Solid Electrolyte Interphases Enabled Ultralong Life Ca‐Metal Batteries Working at Room Temperature
Author(s) -
Song Huawei,
Su Jian,
Wang Chengxin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.202006141
Subject(s) - materials science , electrolyte , anode , cathode , electrochemistry , chemical engineering , metal , dissolution , coating , electrode , stripping (fiber) , battery (electricity) , nanotechnology , composite material , metallurgy , electrical engineering , chemistry , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Currently, the application of calcium metal anodes is challenged by rapidly degenerated plating/stripping electrochemistry without suitable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) capable of fast Ca 2+ transport kinetics and superior ability to resist anion oxidation. Here, through in situ evolved Na/Ca hybrid SEIs, symmetrical Ca//Ca batteries readily remain stable for more than 1000 h deposition–dissolution cycles (versus less than 60 h for those with pure Ca SEIs under the same condition). Coupled with a specially designed freestanding lattice‐expanded graphitic carbon fiber membrane and tailored operation voltages, the proof‐of‐concept Ca‐metal batteries reversibly run for almost 1900 cycles with ≈83% capacity retention and a high average discharge voltage of 3.16 V. The good performance not only benefits from the stable SEIs at the Ca metal surface which affords free Ca 2+ transports and prohibits out‐of‐control fluridation of Ca (forming CaF 2 ion‐/electron‐insulating layer) but is also attributed to reversible relay insertion/extraction electrochemistry in the cathode. This work sheds new light on durable metal battery technology.