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A Brief History of OLEDs—Emitter Development and Industry Milestones
Author(s) -
Hong Gloria,
Gan Xuemin,
Leonhardt Céline,
Zhang Zhen,
Seibert Jasmin,
Busch Jasmin M.,
Bräse Stefan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.202005630
Subject(s) - oled , common emitter , materials science , phosphorescence , first generation , engineering physics , diode , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , fluorescence , engineering , optics , physics , population , demography , layer (electronics) , sociology
Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have come a long way ever since their first introduction in 1987 at Eastman Kodak. Today, OLEDs are especially valued in the display and lighting industry for their promising features. As one of the research fields that equally inspires and drives development in academia and industry, OLED device technology has continuously evolved over more than 30 years. OLED devices have come forward based on three generations of emitter materials relying on fluorescence (first generation), phosphorescence (second generation), and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (third generation). Furthermore, research in academia and industry toward the fourth generation of OLEDs is in progress. Excerpts from the history of green, orange‐red, and blue OLED emitter development on the side of academia and milestones achieved by key players in the industry are included in this report.