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100 m Long Thermally Drawn Supercapacitor Fibers with Applications to 3D Printing and Textiles
Author(s) -
Khudiyev Tural,
Lee Jung Tae,
Cox Jason R.,
Argentieri Eric,
Loke Gabriel,
Yuan Rodger,
Noel Grace H.,
Tatara Ryoichi,
Yu Yang,
Logan Frannie,
Joannopoulos John,
ShaoHorn Yang,
Fink Yoel
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.202004971
Subject(s) - materials science , supercapacitor , cladding (metalworking) , composite material , fabrication , fiber , capacitance , electrode , energy storage , electrolyte , electrical conductor , nanotechnology , medicine , power (physics) , chemistry , alternative medicine , physics , pathology , quantum mechanics
Supercapacitor fibers, with short charging times, long cycle lifespans, and high power densities, hold promise for powering flexible fabric‐based electronics. To date, however, only short lengths of functioning fiber supercapacitors have been produced. The primary goal of this study is to introduce a supercapacitor fiber that addresses the remaining challenges of scalability, flexibility, cladding impermeability, and performance at length. This is achieved through a top‐down fabrication method in which a macroscale preform is thermally drawn into a fully functional energy‐storage fiber. The preform consists of five components: thermally reversible porous electrode and electrolyte gels; conductive polymer and copper microwire current collectors; and an encapsulating hermetic cladding. This process produces 100 m of continuous functional supercapacitor fiber, orders of magnitude longer than any previously reported. In addition to flexibility (5 mm radius of curvature), moisture resistance (100 washing cycles), and strength (68 MPa), these fibers have an energy density of 306 μWh cm −2 at 3.0 V and ≈100% capacitance retention over 13 000 cycles at 1.6 V. To demonstrate the utility of this fiber, it is machine‐woven and used as filament for 3D printing.