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First Decade of Interfacial Iontronic Sensing: From Droplet Sensors to Artificial Skins
Author(s) -
Chang Yu,
Wang Liu,
Li Ruya,
Zhang Zhichao,
Wang Qi,
Yang Junlong,
Guo Chuan Fei,
Pan Tingrui
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.202003464
Subject(s) - electronic skin , wearable computer , wearable technology , computer science , nanotechnology , transparency (behavior) , interface (matter) , materials science , implementation , systems engineering , modality (human–computer interaction) , human–computer interaction , embedded system , engineering , computer security , bubble , maximum bubble pressure method , parallel computing , programming language
Over the past decade, a brand‐new pressure‐ and tactile‐sensing modality, known as iontronic sensing has emerged, utilizing the supercapacitive nature of the electrical double layer (EDL) that occurs at the electrolytic–electronic interface, leading to ultrahigh device sensitivity, high noise immunity, high resolution, high spatial definition, optical transparency, and responses to both static and dynamic stimuli, in addition to thin and flexible device architectures. Together, it offers unique combination of enabling features to tackle the grand challenges in pressure‐ and tactile‐sensing applications, in particular, with recent interest and rapid progress in the development of robotic intelligence, electronic skin, wearable health as well as the internet‐of‐things, from both academic and industrial communities. A historical perspective of the iontronic sensing discovery, an overview of the fundamental working mechanism along with its device architectures, a survey of the unique material aspects and structural designs dedicated, and finally, a discussion of the newly enabled applications, technical challenges, and future outlooks are provided for this promising sensing modality with implementations. The state‐of‐the‐art developments of the iontronic sensing technology in its first decade are summarized, potentially providing a technical roadmap for the next wave of innovations and breakthroughs in this field.