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Versatile Phospholipid Assemblies for Functional Synthetic Cells and Artificial Tissues
Author(s) -
Wang Xuejing,
Du Hang,
Wang Zhao,
Mu Wei,
Han Xiaojun
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.202002635
Subject(s) - artificial cell , phospholipid , nanotechnology , materials science , membrane , vesicle , synthetic membrane , biocompatible material , biophysics , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , biomedical engineering , engineering
The bottom‐up construction of a synthetic cell from nonliving building blocks capable of mimicking cellular properties and behaviors helps to understand the particular biophysical properties and working mechanisms of a cell. A synthetic cell built in this way possesses defined chemical composition and structure. Since phospholipids are native biomembrane components, their assemblies are widely used to mimic cellular structures. Here, recent developments in the formation of versatile phospholipid assemblies are described, together with the applications of these assemblies for functional membranes (protein reconstituted giant unilamellar vesicles), spherical and nonspherical protoorganelles, and functional synthetic cells, as well as the high‐order hierarchical structures of artificial tissues. Their biomedical applications are also briefly summarized. Finally, the challenges and future directions in the field of synthetic cells and artificial tissues based on phospholipid assemblies are proposed.