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Colossal Granular Lithium Deposits Enabled by the Grain‐Coarsening Effect for High‐Efficiency Lithium Metal Full Batteries
Author(s) -
Zhang Weidong,
Wu Qiang,
Huang Jinxin,
Fan Lei,
Shen Zeyu,
He Yi,
Feng Qi,
Zhu Guannan,
Lu Yingying
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.202001740
Subject(s) - materials science , faraday efficiency , anode , lithium (medication) , electrolyte , chemical engineering , cathode , grain size , microstructure , lithium carbonate , lithium metal , lithium vanadium phosphate battery , metallurgy , electrode , ion , ionic bonding , chemistry , medicine , engineering , organic chemistry , endocrinology
Abstract The low Coulombic efficiency of the lithium metal anode is recognized as the real bottleneck to practical high‐efficiency lithium metal batteries with limited Li excess. The grain size and microstructure of deposited lithium strongly influences the lithium plating/stripping efficiency. Here, a solubilizer‐mediated carbonate electrolyte that can realize grain coarsening of lithium deposits (>20 µm in width) with oriented columnar morphology, which is in sharp contrast with conventional nanoscale dendrite‐like lithium deposits in carbonate electrolytes, is reported. It exhibits improved Li Coulombic efficiency to 98.14% at a high capacity of 3 mAh cm −2 over 150 cycles, because the colossal lithium deposition with minimal tortuosity can maintain the bulk Li with continuous electron conducting pathway during the stripping process, thus enabling efficient Li utilization. Li/NMC811 full batteries, composed of thin Li anode (45 µm) and a high‐capacity NMC811 cathode (16.7 mg cm −2 ), can achieve at least 12 times longer lifespan (200 cycles).