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A Highly Reversible, Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode Enabled by a Lithium‐Fluoride‐Enriched Interphase
Author(s) -
Cui Chunyu,
Yang Chongyin,
Eidson Nico,
Chen Ji,
Han Fudong,
Chen Long,
Luo Chao,
Wang PengFei,
Fan Xiulin,
Wang Chunsheng
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201906427
Subject(s) - anode , materials science , lithium fluoride , faraday efficiency , electrolyte , lithium (medication) , interphase , cathode , metal , dendrite (mathematics) , lithium metal , chemical engineering , lithium borate , stripping (fiber) , inorganic chemistry , composite material , electrode , doping , metallurgy , chemistry , optoelectronics , medicine , geometry , mathematics , engineering , biology , borate glass , genetics , endocrinology
Metallic lithium is the most competitive anode material for next‐generation lithium (Li)‐ion batteries. However, one of its major issues is Li dendrite growth and detachment, which not only causes safety issues, but also continuously consumes electrolyte and Li, leading to low coulombic efficiency (CE) and short cycle life for Li metal batteries. Herein, the Li dendrite growth of metallic lithium anode is suppressed by forming a lithium fluoride (LiF)‐enriched solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) through the lithiation of surface‐fluorinated mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB‐F) anodes. The robust LiF‐enriched SEI with high interfacial energy to Li metal effectively promotes planar growth of Li metal on the Li surface and meanwhile prevents its vertical penetration into the LiF‐enriched SEI from forming Li dendrites. At a discharge capacity of 1.2 mAh cm −2 , a high CE of >99.2% for Li plating/stripping in FEC‐based electrolyte is achieved within 25 cycles. Coupling the pre‐lithiated MCMB‐F (Li@MCMB‐F) anode with a commercial LiFePO 4 cathode at the positive/negative (P/N) capacity ratio of 1:1, the LiFePO 4 //Li@MCMB‐F cells can be charged/discharged at a high areal capacity of 2.4 mAh cm −2 for 110 times at a negligible capacity decay of 0.01% per cycle.