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Bismuth Nanoparticle@Carbon Composite Anodes for Ultralong Cycle Life and High‐Rate Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Xiong Peixun,
Bai Panxing,
Li Ang,
Li Benfang,
Cheng Mingren,
Chen Yiping,
Huang Shuping,
Jiang Qiang,
Bu XianHe,
Xu Yunhua
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201904771
Subject(s) - materials science , anode , bismuth , composite number , nanoparticle , annealing (glass) , chemical engineering , cathode , nanotechnology , composite material , electrode , metallurgy , chemistry , engineering
Abstract Bismuth has emerged as a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), owing to its high capacity and suitable operating potential. However, large volume changes during alloying/dealloying processes lead to poor cycling performance. Herein, bismuth nanoparticle@carbon (Bi@C) composite is prepared via a facile annealing method using a commercial coordination compound precursor of bismuth citrate. The composite has a uniform structure with Bi nanoparticles embedded within a carbon framework. The nanosized structure ensures a fast kinetics and efficient alleviation of stress/strain caused by the volume change, and the resilient and conductive carbon matrix provides an interconnected electron transportation pathway. The Bi@C composite delivers outstanding sodium‐storage performance with an ultralong cycle life of 30 000 cycles at a high current density of 8 A g −1 and an excellent rate capability of 71% capacity retention at an ultrahigh current rate of 60 A g −1 . Even at a high mass loading of 11.5 mg cm −2 , a stable reversible capacity of 280 mA h g −1 can be obtained after 200 cycles. More importantly, full SIBs by pairing with a Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode demonstrates superior performance. Combining the facile synthesis and the commercial precursor, the exceptional performance makes the Bi@C composite very promising for practical large‐scale applications.