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Fine Multi‐Phase Alignments in 2D Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 17% via Slow Post‐Annealing
Author(s) -
Wu Guangbao,
Li Xing,
Zhou Jiyu,
Zhang Jianqi,
Zhang Xuning,
Leng Xuanye,
Wang Peijun,
Chen Ming,
Zhang Dongyang,
Zhao Kui,
Liu Shengzhong Frank,
Zhou Huiqiong,
Zhang Yuan
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201903889
Subject(s) - materials science , energy conversion efficiency , optoelectronics , photovoltaic system , annealing (glass) , perovskite (structure) , halide , photovoltaics , chemical engineering , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , engineering , composite material , biology , ecology
Layered Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phase (2D) halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention due to the wide tunability on their optoelectronic properties and excellent robustness in photovoltaic devices. However, charge extraction/transport and ultimate power conversion efficiency (PCE) in 2D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are still limited by the non‐eliminable quantum well effect. Here, a slow post‐annealing (SPA) process is proposed for BA 2 MA 3 Pb 4 I 13 ( n = 4) 2D PSCs by which a champion PCE of 17.26% is achieved with simultaneously enhanced open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current, and fill factor. Investigation with optical spectroscopy coupled with structural analyses indicates that enhanced crystal orientation and favorable alignment on the multiple perovskite phases (from the 2D phase near bottom to quasi‐3D phase near top regions) is obtained with SPA treatment, which promotes carrier transport/extraction and suppresses Shockley–Read–Hall charge recombination in the solar cell. As far as it is known, the reported PCE is so far the highest efficiency in RP phase 2D PSCs based on butylamine (BA) spacers ( n = 4). The SPA‐processed devices exhibit a satisfactory stability with <4.5% degradation after 2000 h under N 2 environment without encapsulation. The demonstrated process strategy offers a promising route to push forward the performance in 2D PSCs toward realistic photovoltaic applications.