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Electrode Materials Engineering in Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction: Energy Input and Conversion Efficiency
Author(s) -
Song RongBin,
Zhu Wenlei,
Fu Jiaju,
Chen Ying,
Liu Lixia,
Zhang JianRong,
Lin Yuehe,
Zhu JunJie
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201903796
Subject(s) - anode , materials science , cathodic protection , cathode , catalysis , nanotechnology , electrode , energy transformation , energy conversion efficiency , reduction (mathematics) , process engineering , optoelectronics , electrical engineering , chemistry , biochemistry , physics , thermodynamics , engineering , geometry , mathematics
Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction (ECR) is a promising technology to simultaneously alleviate CO 2 ‐caused climate hazards and ever‐increasing energy demands, as it can utilize CO 2 in the atmosphere to provide the required feedstocks for industrial production and daily life. In recent years, substantial progress in ECR systems has been achieved by the exploitation of various novel electrode materials. The anodic materials and cathodic catalysts that have, respectively, led to high‐efficiency energy input and effective heterogenous catalytic conversion in ECR systems are comprehensively reviewed. Based on the differences in the nature of energy sources and the role of materials used at the anode, the fundamentals of ECR systems, including photo‐anode‐assisted ECR systems and bio‐anode‐assisted ECR systems, are explained in detail. Additionally, the cathodic reaction mechanisms and pathways of ECR are described along with a discussion of different design strategies for cathode catalysts to enhance conversion efficiency and selectivity. The emerging challenges and some perspective on both anode materials and cathodic catalysts are also outlined for better development of ECR systems.