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Self‐Powered Intracellular Drug Delivery by a Biomechanical Energy‐Driven Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Author(s) -
Liu Zhirong,
Nie Jinhui,
Miao Bin,
Li Jiadong,
Cui Yuanbo,
Wang Shu,
Zhang Xiaodi,
Zhao Gengrui,
Deng Yongbo,
Wu Yihui,
Li Zhou,
Li Linlin,
Wang Zhong Lin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201807795
Subject(s) - electroporation , materials science , triboelectric effect , nanotechnology , nanogenerator , drug delivery , transdermal , nanoneedle , intracellular , biophysics , microbiology and biotechnology , piezoelectricity , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , pharmacology , nanostructure , composite material , gene
Nondestructive, high‐efficiency, and on‐demand intracellular drug/biomacromolecule delivery for therapeutic purposes remains a great challenge. Herein, a biomechanical‐energy‐powered triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)‐driven electroporation system is developed for intracellular drug delivery with high efficiency and minimal cell damage in vitro and in vivo. In the integrated system, a self‐powered TENG as a stable voltage pulse source triggers the increase of plasma membrane potential and membrane permeability. Cooperatively, the silicon nanoneedle‐array electrode minimizes cellular damage during electroporation via enhancing the localized electrical field at the nanoneedle–cell interface and also decreases plasma membrane fluidity for the enhancement of molecular influx. The integrated system achieves efficient delivery of exogenous materials (small molecules, macromolecules, and siRNA) into different types of cells, including hard‐to‐transfect primary cells, with delivery efficiency up to 90% and cell viability over 94%. Through simple finger friction or hand slapping of the wearable TENGs, it successfully realizes a transdermal biomolecule delivery with an over threefold depth enhancement in mice. This integrated and self‐powered system for active electroporation drug delivery shows great prospect for self‐tuning drug delivery and wearable medicine.