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Alloy Nanocatalysts for the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction (ORR) and the Direct Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reaction (CO 2 RR)
Author(s) -
Kim Cheonghee,
Dionigi Fabio,
Beermann Vera,
Wang Xingli,
Möller Tim,
Strasser Peter
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201805617
Subject(s) - nanomaterial based catalyst , materials science , electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide , electrochemistry , catalysis , faraday efficiency , transition metal , bimetallic strip , carbon fibers , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , inorganic chemistry , nanoparticle , carbon monoxide , electrode , metal , chemistry , metallurgy , organic chemistry , composite material , engineering , composite number
In the face of the global energy challenge and progressing global climate change, renewable energy systems and components, such as fuel cells and electrolyzers, which close the energetic oxygen and carbon cycles, have become a technology development priority. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the direct electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) are important electrocatalytic processes that proceed at gas diffusion electrodes of hydrogen fuel cells and CO 2 electrolyzers, respectively. However, their low catalytic activity (voltage efficiency), limited long‐term stability, and moderate product selectivity (related to their Faradaic efficiency) have remained challenges. To address these, suitable catalysts are required. This review addresses the current state of research on Pt‐based and Cu‐based nanoalloy electrocatalysts for ORR and CO 2 RR, respectively, and critically compares and contrasts key performance parameters such as activity, selectivity, and durability. In particular, Pt nanoparticles alloyed with transition metals, post‐transition metals and lanthanides, are discussed, as well as the material characterization and their performance for the ORR. Then, bimetallic Cu nanoalloy catalysts are reviewed and organized according to their main reaction product generated by the second metal. This review concludes with a perspective on nanoalloy catalysts for the ORR and the CO 2 RR, and proposes future research directions.