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Balancing Scattering Channels: A Panoscopic Approach toward Zero Temperature Coefficient of Resistance Using High‐Entropy Alloys
Author(s) -
Shafeie Samrand,
Guo Sheng,
Erhart Paul,
Hu Qiang,
Palmqvist Anders
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201805392
Subject(s) - manganin , materials science , temperature coefficient , high entropy alloys , resistor , atmospheric temperature range , microstructure , condensed matter physics , scattering , transition temperature , optoelectronics , thermodynamics , composite material , superconductivity , optics , electrical engineering , physics , quantum mechanics , voltage , calibration , engineering
Designing alloys with an accurate temperature‐independent electrical response over a wide temperature range, specifically a low temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), remains a big challenge from a material design point of view. More than a century after their discovery, Constantan (Cu–Ni) and Manganin (Cu–Mn–Ni) alloys remain the top choice for strain gauge applications and high‐quality resistors up to 473–573 K. Here, an average TCR is demonstrated that is up to ≈800 times smaller in the temperature range 5–300 K and >800 times smaller than for any of these standard materials over a wide temperature range (5 K < T < 1200 K). This is achieved for selected compositions of Al x CoCrFeNi high‐entropy alloys (HEAs), for which a strong correlation of the ultralow TCR is established with the underlying microstructure and its local composition. The exceptionally low electron–phonon coupling expected in these HEAs is crucial for developing novel devices, e.g., hot‐electron detectors, high‐ Q resonant antennas, and materials in gravitational wave detectors.