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Personalized Hydrogels for Engineering Diverse Fully Autologous Tissue Implants
Author(s) -
Edri Reuven,
Gal Idan,
Noor Nadav,
Harel Tom,
Fleischer Sharon,
Adadi Nofar,
Green Ori,
Shabat Doron,
Heller Lior,
Shapira Assaf,
GatViks Irit,
Peer Dan,
Dvir Tal
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201803895
Subject(s) - tissue engineering , self healing hydrogels , extracellular matrix , biomedical engineering , materials science , regenerative medicine , scaffold , implant , induced pluripotent stem cell , stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , medicine , embryonic stem cell , surgery , polymer chemistry , biochemistry , gene
Despite incremental improvements in the field of tissue engineering, no technology is currently available for producing completely autologous implants where both the cells and the scaffolding material are generated from the patient, and thus do not provoke an immune response that may lead to implant rejection. Here, a new approach is introduced to efficiently engineer any tissue type, which its differentiation cues are known, from one small tissue biopsy. Pieces of omental tissues are extracted from patients and, while the cells are reprogrammed to become induced pluripotent stem cells, the extracellular matrix is processed into an immunologically matching, thermoresponsive hydrogel. Efficient cell differentiation within a large 3D hydrogel is reported, and, as a proof of concept, the generation of functional cardiac, cortical, spinal cord, and adipogenic tissue implants is demonstrated. This versatile bioengineering approach may assist to regenerate any tissue and organ with a minimal risk for immune rejection.