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Nanomaterial‐Based Organelles Protect Normal Cells against Chemotherapy‐Induced Cytotoxicity
Author(s) -
Zhao Ruibo,
Liu Xueyao,
Yang Xinyan,
Jin Biao,
Shao Changyu,
Kang Weijia,
Tang Ruikang
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201801304
Subject(s) - cytotoxicity , doxorubicin , chemotherapy , drug delivery , materials science , in vivo , organelle , viability assay , microbiology and biotechnology , cell , cancer research , nanotechnology , biophysics , biology , in vitro , biochemistry , genetics
Chemotherapy‐induced cytotoxicity in normal cells and organs triggers undesired lesions. Although targeted delivery is used extensively, more than half of the chemotherapy dose still concentrates in normal tissues, especially in the liver. Enabling normal cells or organs to defend against cytotoxicity represents an alternative method for improving chemotherapy. Herein, rationally designed nanomaterials are used as artificial organelles to remove unexpected cytotoxicity in normal cells. Nanocomposites of gold‐oligonucleotides (Au‐ODN) can capture intracytoplasmic doxorubicin (DOX), a standard chemotherapy drug, blocking the drug's access into the cell nucleus. Cells with implanted Au‐ODN are more robust since their viability is maintained during DOX treatment. In vivo experiments confirm that the Au‐ODN nanomaterials selectively concentrate in hepatocytes and eliminate DOX‐induced hepatotoxicity, increasing the cell's capacity to resist the threatening chemotherapeutic milieu. The finding suggests that introducing functional materials as biological devices into living systems may be a new strategy for improving the regulation of cell fate in more complex conditions and for manufacturing super cells.