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Versatility of Carbon Enables All Carbon Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Achieve High Efficiency and High Stability
Author(s) -
Meng Xiangyue,
Zhou Junshuai,
Hou Jie,
Tao Xia,
Cheung Sin Hang,
So Shu Kong,
Yang Shihe
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201706975
Subject(s) - materials science , energy conversion efficiency , carbon fibers , perovskite (structure) , hysteresis , graphene , tin oxide , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , oxide , optoelectronics , doping , composite material , composite number , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering , metallurgy
Carbon‐based perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) without hole transport materials are promising for their high stability and low cost, but the electron transporting layer (ETL) of TiO 2 is notorious for inflicting hysteresis and instability. In view of its electron accepting ability, C 60 is used to replace TiO 2 for the ETL, forming a so‐called all carbon based PVSC. With a device structure of fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO)/C 60 /methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI 3 )/carbon, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) is attained up to 15.38% without hysteresis, much higher than that of the TiO 2 ones (12.06% with obvious hysteresis). The C 60 ETL is found to effectively improve electron extraction, suppress charge recombination, and reduce the sub‐bandgap states at the interface with MAPbI 3 . Moreover, the all carbon based PVSCs are shown to resist moisture and ion migration, leading to a much higher operational stability under ambient, humid, and light‐soaking conditions. To make it an even more genuine all carbon based PVSC, it is further attempted to use graphene as the transparent conductive electrode, reaping a PCE of 13.93%. The high performance of all carbon based PVSCs stems from the bonding flexibility and electronic versatility of carbon, promising commercial developments on account of their favorable balance of cost, efficiency, and stability.