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Nanoscale Manipulation of Spinel Lithium Nickel Manganese Oxide Surface by Multisite Ti Occupation as High‐Performance Cathode
Author(s) -
Xiao Biwei,
Liu Hanshuo,
Liu Jian,
Sun Qian,
Wang Biqiong,
Kaliyappan Karthikeyan,
Zhao Yang,
Banis Mohammad Norouzi,
Liu Yulong,
Li Ruying,
Sham TsunKong,
Botton Gianluigi A.,
Cai Mei,
Sun Xueliang
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201703764
Subject(s) - spinel , materials science , atomic layer deposition , surface modification , cathode , annealing (glass) , chemical engineering , faraday efficiency , manganese , electrolyte , nickel , oxide , nanotechnology , metallurgy , electrode , layer (electronics) , chemistry , engineering
A novel two‐step surface modification method that includes atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO 2 followed by post‐annealing treatment on spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) cathode material is developed to optimize the performance. The performance improvement can be attributed to the formation of a TiMn 2 O 4 (TMO)‐like spinel phase resulting from the reaction of TiO 2 with the surface LNMO. The Ti incorporation into the tetrahedral sites helps to combat the impedance growth that stems from continuous irreversible structural transition. The TMO‐like spinel phase also alleviates the electrolyte decomposition during electrochemical cycling. 25 ALD cycles of TiO 2 growth are found to be the optimized parameter toward capacity, Coulombic efficiency, stability, and rate capability enhancement. A detailed understanding of this surface modification mechanism has been demonstrated. This work provides a new insight into the atomic‐scale surface structural modification using ALD and post‐treatment, which is of great importance for the future design of cathode materials.