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Highly Conductive and Transparent Large‐Area Bilayer Graphene Realized by MoCl 5 Intercalation
Author(s) -
Kinoshita Hiroki,
Jeon Il,
Maruyama Mina,
Kawahara Kenji,
Terao Yuri,
Ding Dong,
Matsumoto Rika,
Matsuo Yutaka,
Okada Susumu,
Ago Hiroki
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201702141
Subject(s) - intercalation (chemistry) , graphene , materials science , bilayer graphene , bilayer , chemical vapor deposition , sheet resistance , stacking , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , layer (electronics) , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , membrane , chemistry , biochemistry , engineering
Bilayer graphene (BLG) comprises a 2D nanospace sandwiched by two parallel graphene sheets that can be used to intercalate molecules or ions for attaining novel functionalities. However, intercalation is mostly demonstrated with small, exfoliated graphene flakes. This study demonstrates intercalation of molybdenum chloride (MoCl 5 ) into a large‐area, uniform BLG sheet, which is grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). This study reveals that the degree of MoCl 5 intercalation strongly depends on the stacking order of the graphene; twist‐stacked graphene shows a much higher degree of intercalation than AB‐stacked. Density functional theory calculations suggest that weak interlayer coupling in the twist‐stacked graphene contributes to the effective intercalation. By selectively synthesizing twist‐rich BLG films through control of the CVD conditions, low sheet resistance (83 Ω ▫ −1 ) is realized after MoCl 5 intercalation, while maintaining high optical transmittance (≈95%). The low sheet resistance state is relatively stable in air for more than three months. Furthermore, the intercalated BLG film is applied to organic solar cells, realizing a high power conversion efficiency.