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Conductive Carbon Nitride for Excellent Energy Storage
Author(s) -
Xu Jijian,
Xu Feng,
Qian Meng,
Xu Fangfang,
Hong Zhanglian,
Huang Fuqiang
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201701674
Subject(s) - materials science , supercapacitor , carbon fibers , nitride , carbide derived carbon , chemical engineering , electrical conductor , microporous material , capacitance , mesoporous material , thermal decomposition , nitrogen , inorganic chemistry , electrode , nanotechnology , catalysis , composite material , layer (electronics) , carbon nanofiber , carbon nanotube , composite number , organic chemistry , chemistry , engineering
Conductive carbon nitride, as a hypothetical carbon material demonstrating high nitrogen doping, high electrical conductivity, and high surface area, has not been fabricated. A major challenge towards its fabrication is that high conductivity requires high temperature synthesis, but the high temperature eliminates nitrogen from carbon. Different from conventional methods, a facile preparation of conductive carbon nitride from novel thermal decomposition of nickel hydrogencyanamide in a confined space is reported. New developed nickel hydrogencyanamide is a unique precursor which provides self‐grown fragments of ⋅NCN⋅ or NCCN and conductive carbon (C‐sp 2 ) catalyst of Ni metal during the decomposition. The final product is a tubular structure of rich mesoporous and microporous few‐layer carbon with extraordinarily high N doping level (≈15 at%) and high extent of sp 2 carbon (≈65%) favoring a high conductivity (>2 S cm −1 ); the ultrahigh contents of nongraphitic nitrogen, redox active pyridinic N (9 at%), and pyrrolic N (5 at%), are stabilized by forming NiN bonds. The conductive carbon nitride harvests a large capacitance of 372 F g −1 with >90% initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles as a supercapacitor electrode, far exceeding the activated carbon electrodes that have <250 F g −1 .