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Moisture‐Responsive Wrinkling Surfaces with Tunable Dynamics
Author(s) -
Zeng Songshan,
Li Rui,
Freire Stephan G.,
Garbellotto Vivian M. M.,
Huang Emily Y.,
Smith Andrew T.,
Hu Cong,
Tait William R. T.,
Bian Zichao,
Zheng Guoan,
Zhang Dianyun,
Sun Luyi
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201700828
Subject(s) - wrinkle , materials science , moisture , dynamics (music) , substrate (aquarium) , stiffness , composite material , nanotechnology , oceanography , physics , acoustics , geology
The wrinkle dynamics (such as reversibility and stability) of human skin are affected by the external stimuli, as well as the skin's structure and mechanical properties. Inspired by these tunable responses, three types of moisture‐responsive wrinkle dynamics are achieved, for the first time, through a single film–substrate system. These dynamics include: (1) completely reversible wrinkles formation; (2) irreversible wrinkles formation I: the initially formed wrinkles can be permanently erased and never reappear; and (3) irreversible wrinkles formation II: once the wrinkles form, they can no longer be erased. The key to success is to control the stiffness and thickness ratios of the film and the substrate, and tailor the crosslink degree/gradient of the film to allow for moisture‐dependent changes of modulus and swelling degree. These unique responsive dynamics motivate the invention of a series of optical devices triggered by moisture, including anticounterfeit tabs, encryption devices, water indicators, light diffusors, and antiglare films. This study also paves the road for further understanding of the skin wrinkling dynamics and manipulation.