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Peapod‐like Li 3 VO 4 /N‐Doped Carbon Nanowires with Pseudocapacitive Properties as Advanced Materials for High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Capacitors
Author(s) -
Shen Laifa,
Lv Haifeng,
Chen Shuangqiang,
Kopold Peter,
van Aken Peter A.,
Wu Xiaojun,
Maier Joachim,
Yu Yan
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201700142
Subject(s) - materials science , lithium (medication) , nanowire , capacitor , energy storage , electrode , nanotechnology , ion , doping , faraday efficiency , optoelectronics , electrochemistry , voltage , electrical engineering , chemistry , medicine , power (physics) , physics , engineering , quantum mechanics , endocrinology
Lithium ion capacitors are new energy storage devices combining the complementary features of both electric double‐layer capacitors and lithium ion batteries. A key limitation to this technology is the kinetic imbalance between the Faradaic insertion electrode and capacitive electrode. Here, we demonstrate that the Li 3 VO 4 with low Li‐ion insertion voltage and fast kinetics can be favorably used for lithium ion capacitors. N‐doped carbon‐encapsulated Li 3 VO 4 nanowires are synthesized through a morphology‐inheritance route, displaying a low insertion voltage between 0.2 and 1.0 V, a high reversible capacity of ≈400 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 , excellent rate capability, and long‐term cycling stability. Benefiting from the small nanoparticles, low energy diffusion barrier and highly localized charge‐transfer, the Li 3 VO 4 /N‐doped carbon nanowires exhibit a high‐rate pseudocapacitive behavior. A lithium ion capacitor device based on these Li 3 VO 4 /N‐doped carbon nanowires delivers a high energy density of 136.4 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 532 W kg −1 , revealing the potential for application in high‐performance and long life energy storage devices.