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A Robust and Conductive Black Tin Oxide Nanostructure Makes Efficient Lithium‐Ion Batteries Possible
Author(s) -
Dong Wujie,
Xu Jijian,
Wang Chao,
Lu Yue,
Liu Xiangye,
Wang Xin,
Yuan Xiaotao,
Wang Zhe,
Lin Tianquan,
Sui Manling,
Chen IWei,
Huang Fuqiang
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201700136
Subject(s) - materials science , lithium (medication) , tin , graphene , oxide , tin oxide , chemical engineering , electrode , microstructure , electrical conductor , nanostructure , ion , nanotechnology , composite material , metallurgy , organic chemistry , medicine , chemistry , endocrinology , engineering
SnO 2 ‐based lithium‐ion batteries have low cost and high energy density, but their capacity fades rapidly during lithiation/delithiation due to phase aggregation and cracking. These problems can be mitigated by using highly conducting black SnO 2− x , which homogenizes the redox reactions and stabilizes fine, fracture‐resistant Sn precipitates in the Li 2 O matrix. Such fine Sn precipitates and their ample contact with Li 2 O proliferate the reversible Sn → Li x Sn → Sn → SnO 2 /SnO 2− x cycle during charging/discharging. SnO 2− x electrode has a reversible capacity of 1340 mAh g −1 and retains 590 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles. The addition of highly conductive, well‐dispersed reduced graphene oxide further stabilizes and improves its performance, allowing 950 mAh g −1 remaining after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g −1 with 700 mAh g −1 at 2.0 A g −1 . Conductivity‐directed microstructure development may offer a new approach to form advanced electrodes.