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Metal–CO 2 Batteries on the Road: CO 2 from Contamination Gas to Energy Source
Author(s) -
Xie Zhaojun,
Zhang Xin,
Zhang Zhang,
Zhou Zhen
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201605891
Subject(s) - energy storage , contamination , materials science , metal , atmosphere (unit) , energy density , nanotechnology , environmental science , waste management , engineering physics , metallurgy , meteorology , engineering , ecology , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , biology
Rechargeable nonaqueous metal–air batteries attract much attention for their high theoretical energy density, especially in the last decade. However, most reported metal–air batteries are actually operated in a pure O 2 atmosphere, while CO 2 and moisture in ambient air can significantly impact the electrochemical performance of metal–O 2 batteries. In the study of CO 2 contamination on metal–O 2 batteries, it has been gradually found that CO 2 can be utilized as the reactant gas alone; namely, metal–CO 2 batteries can work. On the other hand, investigations on CO 2 fixation are in focus due to the potential threat of CO 2 on global climate change, especially for its steadily increasing concentration in the atmosphere. The exploitation of CO 2 in energy storage systems represents an alternative approach towards clean recycling and utilization of CO 2 . Here, the aim is to provide a timely summary of recent achievements in metal–CO 2 batteries, and inspire new ideas for new energy storage systems. Moreover, critical issues associated with reaction mechanisms and potential directions for future studies are discussed.