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Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Materials for Capacitive Energy Storage
Author(s) -
MendozaSánchez Beatriz,
Gogotsi Yury
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201506133
Subject(s) - nanomaterials , materials science , supercapacitor , nanotechnology , energy storage , nanosheet , electrochemical energy storage , capacitive sensing , graphene , electrode , fabrication , electrochemistry , computer science , pathology , operating system , medicine , power (physics) , chemistry , physics , alternative medicine , quantum mechanics
The unique properties and great variety of two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials make them highly attractive for energy storage applications. Here, an insight into the progress made towards the application of 2D nanomaterials for capacitive energy storage is provided. Synthesis methods, and electrochemical performance of various classes of 2D nanomaterials, particularly based on graphene, transition metal oxides, dichalcogenides, and carbides, are presented. The factors that directly influence capacitive performance are discussed throughout the text and include nanosheet composition, morphology and texture, electrode architecture, and device configuration. Recent progress in the fabrication of 2D‐nanomaterials‐based microsupercapacitors and flexible and free‐standing supercapacitors is presented. The main electrode manufacturing techniques with emphasis on scalability and cost‐effectiveness are discussed, and include laser scribing, printing, and roll‐to‐roll manufacture. Various issues that prevent the use of the full energy‐storage potential of 2D nanomaterials and how they have been tackled are discussed, and include nanosheet aggregation and the low electrical conductivity of some 2D nanomaterials. Particularly, the design of hybrid and hierarchical 2D and 3D structures based on 2D nanomaterials is presented. Other challenges and opportunities are discussed and include: control of nanosheets size and thickness, chemical and electrochemical instability, and scale‐up of electrode films.