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25th Anniversary Article: Exploring Nanoscaled Matter from Speciation to Phase Diagrams: Metal Phosphide Nanoparticles as a Case of Study
Author(s) -
Carenco Sophie,
Portehault David,
Boissière Cédric,
Mézailles Nicolas,
Sanchez Clément
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201303198
Subject(s) - phosphide , nanomaterials , nanoscopic scale , materials science , phase diagram , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , phase (matter) , metal , chemistry , metallurgy , organic chemistry
The notions of nanoscale “phase speciation” and “phase diagram” are defined and discussed in terms of kinetic and thermodynamic controls, based on the case of metal phosphide nanoparticles. After an overview of the most successful synthetic routes for these exotic nanomaterials, the cases of InP, Ni 2 P, Ni 12 P 5 and Pd x P y are discussed in detail to highlight the relationship between composition, structure, and size at the nanoscale. The influence of morphology is discussed next by comparing the behavior of Cu 3 P nanophases with those of Ni x P y , FeP/Fe 2 P, and CoP/Co 2 P. Perspectives provide the reader with methodological guidelines for further investigation of nanoscale “phase diagrams”, and their use for optimized synthesis of new functional nanomaterials.