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Morphologically Virus‐Like Fullerenol Nanoparticles Act as the Dual‐Functional Nanoadjuvant for HIV‐1 Vaccine
Author(s) -
Xu Ligeng,
Liu Ye,
Chen Zhiyun,
Li Wei,
Liu Ying,
Wang Liming,
Ma Liying,
Shao Yiming,
Zhao Yuliang,
Chen Chunying
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201300583
Subject(s) - adjuvant , immunization , immune system , immunity , virus , materials science , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , virology , biology , immunology
Fullerenol , which self‐assembles into virus‐sized nanoparticles, is designed as a dual‐functional nanoadjuvant to generate comparable immune responses to the HIV DNA vaccine. It shows promising adjuvant activity via various immunization routes, decreasing the antigen dosage and immunization frequency while maintaining immunity levels and inducing T EM ‐biased immunity to combat the infection at early stage. The underlying mechanisms by which fullerenol‐based formulation induces above‐mentioned polyvalent immune responses are involved in activating multiple TLRs signaling pathways.