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Band Structure Engineering at Heterojunction Interfaces via the Piezotronic Effect
Author(s) -
Shi Jian,
Starr Matthew B.,
Wang Xudong
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.201104386
Subject(s) - materials science , ohmic contact , heterojunction , optoelectronics , schottky barrier , semiconductor , electronic band structure , piezoelectricity , electronics , band gap , nanotechnology , electrical engineering , diode , condensed matter physics , layer (electronics) , physics , engineering , composite material
Engineering the electronic band structure using the piezopotential is an important aspect of piezotronics, which describes the coupling between the piezoelectric property and semiconducting behavior and functionalities. The time‐independent band structure change under short‐circuit condition is believed to be due to the remnant piezopotential present at the interface, a result of the finite charge‐screening depth at the interface. A series of materials, including metals, semiconductors and electrolytes, are selected to investigate the interfacial band structure engineered by remnant piezopotential when they are in contact with a strained piezoelectric semiconductor. The remnant piezopotential at the interface can switch the junction between Ohmic and Schottky characters, enhance charge combination/separation, regulate barrier height, and modulate reaction kinetics. The difference between the regular time‐dependent, pulse‐type piezopotential and constant remnant piezopotential is also discussed in detail using a ZnO‐based photoelectrochemical anode as an example. The piezotronic effect offers a new pathway for engineering the interface band structure without altering the interface structure or chemical composition, which is promising for improving the performance of many electronics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaic devices.