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Electron Energetics at Surfaces and Interfaces: Concepts and Experiments
Author(s) -
Cahen D.,
Kahn A.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.200390065
Subject(s) - work function , energetics , materials science , work (physics) , chemical physics , photoemission spectroscopy , ionization energy , dipole , nanotechnology , solid surface , vacuum level , ionization , measure (data warehouse) , surface (topology) , electron , molecule , electron affinity (data page) , atomic physics , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , computer science , physics , quantum mechanics , thermodynamics , ion , geometry , mathematics , layer (electronics) , nuclear magnetic resonance , database
We present a concise, although admittedly non‐exhaustive, but hopefully didactic review and discussion of some of the central and basic concepts related to the energetics of surfaces and interfaces of solids. This is of particular importance for surfaces and interfaces that involve organic molecules and molecular films. It attempts to pull together different views and terminologies used in the solid state, electrochemistry, and electronic device communities, regarding key concepts of local and absolute vacuum level, surface dipole, work function, electron affinity, and ionization energy. Finally, it describes how standard techniques like photoemission spectroscopy can be used to measure such quantities.