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Low‐Temperature, Surface‐Mediated Foaming of Polymer Films
Author(s) -
Siripurapu S.,
DeSimone J. M.,
Khan S. A.,
Spontak R. J.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
advanced materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.707
H-Index - 527
eISSN - 1521-4095
pISSN - 0935-9648
DOI - 10.1002/adma.200306068
Subject(s) - materials science , supercritical fluid , polymer , nucleation , copolymer , micelle , chemical engineering , diffusion , nanoparticle , composite material , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , aqueous solution , thermodynamics , chemistry , physics , engineering
Ultraporous thin polymer films (see Figure) are generated using physical constraints imposed by external surfaces (hard plates) and internal surfaces (hard nanoparticles and soft micelles) via foaming with supercritical CO 2 . The constraints serve as diffusion barriers and/or heterogeneous nucleation sites. Use of CO 2 ‐philic copolymers further enables microcellular foaming at reduced pressures with liquid CO 2 .