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Design and Evaluation of an In Vitro Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Modeling System Using 3D Printed Mini Impact Device on the 3D Cultured Human iPSC Derived Neural Progenitor Cells
Author(s) -
Shi Wen,
Dong Pengfei,
Kuss Mitchell A.,
Gu Linxia,
Kievit Forrest,
Kim Hyung Joon,
Duan Bin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.202100180
Subject(s) - neurosphere , astrogliosis , neuroinflammation , traumatic brain injury , microglia , neural stem cell , astrocyte , neuroscience , progenitor cell , induced pluripotent stem cell , in vitro , human brain , medicine , central nervous system , biology , stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , adult stem cell , inflammation , endothelial stem cell , embryonic stem cell , biochemistry , psychiatry , gene
Despite significant progress in understanding the disease mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TBI), promising preclinical therapeutics have seldom been translated into successful clinical outcomes, partially because the model animals have physiological and functional differences in the central nervous system (CNS) compared to humans. Human relevant models are thus urgently required. Here, an in vitro mild TBI (mTBI) modeling system is reported based on 3D cultured human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC‐NPCs) to evaluate consequences of single and repetitive mTBI using a 3D printed mini weight‐drop impact device. Computational simulation is performed to understand the single/cumulative effects of weight‐drop impact on the NPC differentiated neurospheres. Experimental results reveal that neurospheres show reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation after repetitive (10 hits) mild impacts, while no astrocyte activation is found after one or two mild impacts. A 3D co‐culture model of human microglia cells with neurospheres is further developed. It is found that astrocyte response is promoted even after two mild impacts, possibly caused by the chronic neuroinflammation after microglia activation. The in vitro mTBI modeling system recapitulates several hallmarks of the brain impact injury and might serve as a good platform for future drug screening.