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Nanotheranostic Interface Based on Antibiotic‐Loaded Conducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Real‐Time Monitoring of Bacterial Growth Inhibition
Author(s) -
Enshaei Hamidreza,
PuiggalíJou Anna,
del Valle Luis J.,
Turon Pau,
Saperas Núria,
Alemán Carlos
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.202001636
Subject(s) - bacterial growth , pedot:pss , nanotechnology , nanoparticle , materials science , biocompatibility , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , cyclic voltammetry , electrochemistry , chemistry , bacteria , electrode , biochemistry , biology , nad+ kinase , genetics , layer (electronics) , metallurgy , enzyme
Abstract Conducting polymers have been increasingly used as biologically interfacing electrodes for biomedical applications due to their excellent and fast electrochemical response, reversible doping–dedoping characteristics, high stability, easy processability, and biocompatibility. These advantageous properties can be used for the rapid detection and eradication of infections associated to bacterial growth since these are a tremendous burden for individual patients as well as the global healthcare system. Herein, a smart nanotheranostic electroresponsive platform, which consists of chloramphenicol (CAM)‐loaded in poly(3,4‐ethylendioxythiophene) nanoparticles (PEDOT/CAM NPs) for concurrent release of the antibiotic and real‐time monitoring of bacterial growth is presented. PEDOT/CAM NPs, with an antibiotic loading content of 11.9 ± 1.3% w/w, are proved to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sanguinis due to the antibiotic release by cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, in situ monitoring of bacterial activity is achieved through the electrochemical detection of β ‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a redox active specie produced by the microbial metabolism that diffuse to the extracellular medium. According to these results, the proposed nanotheranostic platform has great potential for real‐time monitoring of the response of bacteria to the released antibiotic, contributing to the evolution of the personalized medicine.