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Nanomaterial Additives for Fabrication of Stimuli‐Responsive Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering Constructs
Author(s) -
Farr Amy Corbin,
Hogan Katie J.,
Mikos Antonios G.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.202000730
Subject(s) - tissue engineering , skeletal muscle , regeneration (biology) , nanomaterials , extracellular matrix , muscle tissue , nanotechnology , materials science , biomedical engineering , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , anatomy , medicine , biology , biochemistry
Volumetric muscle loss necessitates novel tissue engineering strategies for skeletal muscle repair, which have traditionally involved cells and extracellular matrix‐mimicking scaffolds and have thus far been unable to successfully restore physiologically relevant function. However, the incorporation of various nanomaterial additives with unique physicochemical properties into scaffolds has recently been explored as a means of fabricating constructs that are responsive to electrical, magnetic, and photothermal stimulation. Herein, several classes of nanomaterials that are used to mediate external stimulation to tissue engineered skeletal muscle are reviewed and the impact of these stimuli‐responsive biomaterials on cell growth and differentiation and in vivo muscle repair is discussed. The degradation kinetics and biocompatibilities of these nanomaterial additives are also briefly examined and their potential for incorporation into clinically translatable skeletal muscle tissue engineering strategies is considered. Overall, these nanomaterial additives have proven efficacious and incorporation in tissue engineering scaffolds has resulted in enhanced functional skeletal muscle regeneration.