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Delivering Proangiogenic Factors from 3D‐Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Author(s) -
Liu Haoming,
Du Yingying,
Yang Gaojie,
Hu Xixi,
Wang Lin,
Liu Bin,
Wang Jianglin,
Zhang Shengmin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.202000727
Subject(s) - scaffold , regeneration (biology) , polycaprolactone , neovascularization , biomedical engineering , vascular endothelial growth factor , angiogenesis , bone tissue , blood vessel , chemistry , materials science , vegf receptors , microbiology and biotechnology , medicine , biology , polymer , organic chemistry
Natural bone is a highly vascularized tissue that relies on the vasculature for blood and nutrients supply to maintain skeletal integrity. Inadequacy of neovascularization may compromise the tissue ingrowth to the implanted scaffolds, and eventually results in failure for the repair. To tackle this issue and enhance self‐vascularized bone regeneration, herein a 3D biomimetic selective lasersintering (SLS) derived scaffold, with an angiogenic growth factor immobilized on its surface, that can be released in a controlled manner is proposed. To this end, a porous polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) scaffold is prepared via the SLS technique, which is further modified with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by coprecipitation with apatite. The resultant scaffold (PCL/HA/VEGF) has an excellent cytocompatibility, and subcutaneous implantation experiment shows that the VEGF‐loaded scaffold significantly enhances the blood vessel formation compared with the VEGF‐free control. It is further demonstrated that the PCL/HA/VEGF scaffold is able to enhance the in vivo bone regeneration in a rat cranial defect model. Taken together, the current study provides not only a feasible and promising scaffold candidate to enhance the vascularized bone regeneration, but also a general strategy to overcome the inadequate vascularization issue for the repair of other tissue and organs.