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Toxicity‐Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive Inspired by Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms
Author(s) -
Park Eunsook,
Lee Jeehee,
Huh Kang Moo,
Lee Soo Hyeon,
Lee Haeshin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201900275
Subject(s) - chitosan , catechol , ethylene glycol , chemistry , adhesion , self healing hydrogels , materials science , polymer chemistry , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Chitosan‐catechol, inspired from mussel‐adhesive‐proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. Using this intrinsic property, chitosan‐catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. Despite its versatility, the practical use of chitosan‐catechol in the clinic is limited due to its undesired immune responses. Herein, a catechol‐conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan‐catechol. Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan‐catechol and glycol chitosan‐catechol are evaluated. Their immune responses are also assessed using histological analysis after subcutaneous implantation into mice. The results show that glycol chitosan‐catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan‐catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan‐catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan‐catechol. This study suggests that glycol chitosan‐catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan‐catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents.