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Retracted: Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides, Polysaccharides, and Targeted Peptide‐Functionalized Gold Nanorods for the Combined Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Author(s) -
Zhang Nan,
Zhang Shasha,
Xu Chunyu,
Fu Lingling,
Liu Tuanbing,
Zhao Yongxing
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201800982
Subject(s) - in vivo , nanocarriers , polysialic acid , rheumatoid arthritis , cancer research , decoy , nanorod , peptide nucleic acid , in vitro , medicine , peptide , cell adhesion , chemistry , materials science , pharmacology , cell , immunology , nanotechnology , biochemistry , drug , biology , receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , neural cell adhesion molecule
Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) possess complicated pathogenesis. Therefore, RA is hard to treat by monotherapies in clinical setting. All‐in‐one treatments that target inflamed joints and act efficiently are highly needed. Gold compounds are old anti‐RA therapies and are fabricated into gold nanorods (GNRs) that serve as anti‐RA therapeutics as well as nanocarriers for anti‐inflammatory nucleic acid drug‐NF‐κB‐decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (dODNs). A targeted peptide to vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) (P VCAM‐1 ) is modified onto the GNRs to facilitate enhanced accumulation of GNRs in inflamed tissues and enhanced cellular uptake of GNRs by inflamed cells. dODNs loaded and P VCAM‐1 modified GNRs (GNRs‐dODN‐P VCAM‐1 ) are covered by polysialic acid (PSA) to protect GNRs‐dODN‐P VCAM‐1 in vivo. Simultaneous GNRs, dODN, and thermotherapy show synergic effect on the reduction of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in inflamed macrophages and blood vessel cells. The simultaneous triple therapy (GNRs‐dODN‐PSA‐P VCAM‐1 +laser) demonstrates excellent anti‐inflammatory efficacy in vitro and in vivo.