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Gas‐Stabilizing Gold Nanocones for Acoustically Mediated Drug Delivery
Author(s) -
Mannaris Christophoros,
Teo Boon M.,
Seth Anjali,
Bau Luca,
Coussios Constantin,
Stride Eleanor
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201800184
Subject(s) - extravasation , drug delivery , penetration (warfare) , materials science , nanotechnology , nanomedicine , cavitation , biomedical engineering , surface modification , nanoparticle , imaging phantom , lipophilicity , biophysics , medicine , chemistry , pathology , nuclear medicine , acoustics , stereochemistry , physics , operations research , engineering , biology
Abstract The efficient penetration of drugs into tumors is a major challenge that remains unmet. Reported herein is a strategy to promote extravasation and enhanced penetration using inertial cavitation initiated by focused ultrasound and cone‐shaped gold nanoparticles that entrap gas nanobubbles. The cones are capable of initiating inertial cavitation under pressures and frequencies achievable with existing clinical ultrasound systems and of promoting extravasation and delivery of a model large therapeutic molecule in an in vitro tissue mimicking flow phantom, achieving penetration depths in excess of 2 mm. Ease of functionalization and intrinsic imaging capabilities provide gold with significant advantages as a material for biomedical applications. The cones show neither cytotoxicity in Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)‐7 cells nor hemolytic activity in human blood at clinically relevant concentrations and are found to be colloidally stable for at least 5 d at 37 °C and several months at 4 °C.