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Antishear Stress Bionic Carbon Nanotube Mesh Coating with Intracellular Controlled Drug Delivery Constructing Small‐Diameter Tissue–Engineered Vascular Grafts
Author(s) -
Ding Ning,
Dou Ce,
Wang Yuxin,
Liu Feila,
Guan Ge,
Huo Da,
Li Yanzhao,
Yang Jingyuan,
Wei Keyu,
Yang Mingcan,
Tan Ju,
Zeng Wen,
Zhu Chuhong
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201800026
Subject(s) - intimal hyperplasia , macrophage , intracellular , drug delivery , inflammation , vascular smooth muscle , hyperplasia , microbiology and biotechnology , materials science , biomedical engineering , biophysics , pharmacology , medicine , pathology , chemistry , immunology , nanotechnology , in vitro , biology , smooth muscle , biochemistry
Small‐diameter (<6 mm) tissue–engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) have a low patency rate due to chronic inflammation mediated intimal hyperplasia. Functional coating with drug release is a promising solution, but preventing the released drug from being rushed away by blood flow remains a great challenge. A single‐walled carboxylic acid functionalized carbon nanotube (C‐SWCNT) is used to build an irregular mesh for TEBV coating. However, an interaction between the released drug and the cells is still insufficient due to the blood flow. Thus, an intracellular drug delivery system mediated by macrophage cellular uptake is designed. Resveratrol (RSV) modified CNT is used for macrophage uptake. M1 macrophage uptakes CNT‐RSV and then converts to the M2 phenotype upon intracellular RSV release. Prohealing M2 macrophage inhibits the chronic inflammation thus maintains the contractile phenotype of the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), which reduces intimal hyperplasia. Additionally, RSV released from the mesh coating also directly protects the contractile VSMCs from being converted to a secretory phenotype. Through antishear stress coating and macrophage‐based intracellular drug delivery, CNT‐RSV TEBVs exhibit a long‐term anti‐intimal hyperplasia function. Animal transplantation studies show that the patency rate remains high until day 90 after grafting in rat carotid arteries.