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Controlling Differentiation of Stem Cells for Developing Personalized Organ‐on‐Chip Platforms
Author(s) -
Geraili Armin,
Jafari Parya,
Hassani Mohsen Sheikh,
Araghi Behnaz Heidary,
Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein,
Ghafari Amir Mohammad,
Tamrin Sara Hasanpour,
Modarres Hassan Pezeshgi,
Kolahchi Ahmad Rezaei,
Ahadian Samad,
SanatiNezhad Amir
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201700426
Subject(s) - stem cell , organ on a chip , computer science , neuroscience , biology , computational biology , nanotechnology , microbiology and biotechnology , microfluidics , materials science
Organ‐on‐chip (OOC) platforms have attracted attentions of pharmaceutical companies as powerful tools for screening of existing drugs and development of new drug candidates. OOCs have primarily used human cell lines or primary cells to develop biomimetic tissue models. However, the ability of human stem cells in unlimited self‐renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages has made them attractive for OOCs. The microfluidic technology has enabled precise control of stem cell differentiation using soluble factors, biophysical cues, and electromagnetic signals. This study discusses different tissue‐ and organ‐on‐chip platforms (i.e., skin, brain, blood–brain barrier, bone marrow, heart, liver, lung, tumor, and vascular), with an emphasis on the critical role of stem cells in the synthesis of complex tissues. This study further recaps the design, fabrication, high‐throughput performance, and improved functionality of stem‐cell‐based OOCs, technical challenges, obstacles against implementing their potential applications, and future perspectives related to different experimental platforms.