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Bioresorbable Fe–Mn and Fe–Mn–HA Materials for Orthopedic Implantation: Enhancing Degradation through Porosity Control
Author(s) -
Heiden Michael,
Nauman Eric,
Stanciu Lia
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201700120
Subject(s) - materials science , porosity , apatite , sintering , degradation (telecommunications) , leaching (pedology) , bioceramic , composite material , biomaterial , chemical engineering , resorption , biomedical engineering , nanotechnology , medicine , telecommunications , environmental science , pathology , computer science , soil science , engineering , soil water
Resorbable, porous iron–manganese–hydroxyapatite biocomposites with suitable degradation rates for orthopedic applications are prepared using salt‐leaching for the first time. These transient biomaterials have the potential to replace inert, permanent implants that can suffer from long‐term complications, or have to be surgically removed, leaving an unfavorable void. Fe30Mn‐10HA materials are newly developed to address inadequate resorption rates of degradable materials proposed for orthopedic environments in the past. In this study, controllable porosities with 300 µm diameter pores are introduced into Fe30Mn alloys and Fe30Mn‐10HA composites, which enhance tissue ingrowth. For the composites, a Ca 2 Mn 7 O 14 phase generated within the Fe30Mn matrix during the sintering process greatly increases degradability. The combination of this second phase and added porosity is found to contribute to increased bone‐like apatite layer formation, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell attachment, and reduction of detrimental oxide layer flaking. Remarkably, after thirty days in vitro, there is a significant increase in degradation up to 0.82 ± 0.04 mm per year for 30 wt% porous Fe30Mn‐10HA biocomposites, compared to 0.02 ± 0.00 mm per year for traditional nonporous Fe30Mn, thereby increasing the viability of these materials for future clinical studies.